h1 {
font-family: Verdana,Geneva,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-size: 0.9em;
color: #7e110c;
}
h2 {
font-family: Verdana,Geneva,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-size: 0.9em;
color: #000099;
}
td {
text-align: center;
line-height: 1.2em;
}
.note {
font-family: Verdana;
font-size: 12px;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.ipa {
font-family: "Doulos SIL","Charis SIL","Times New Roman",serif;
font-size: 1.5em;
}
.t1, .l1, .r1, .b1 {
border-width: 1px;
}
.t2, .l2, .r2, .b2 {
border-width: 2px;
}
.t3, .l3, .r3, .b3 {
border-width: 3px;
}
.t1, .t2, .t3 {
border-color: #999999;
border-top-style: solid;
}
.r1, .r2, .r3 {
border-color: #999999;
border-right-style: solid;
}
.b1, .b2, .b3 {
border-color: #999999;
border-bottom-style: solid;
}
.l1, .l2, .l3 {
border-color: #999999;
border-left-style: solid;
}
.bdashed {
border-bottom: 1px dashed #999999;
}
.rdashed {
border-right: 1px dashed #999999;
}
.rdashed2 {
border-right: 2px dashed #999999;
}
.bdashed2 {
border-bottom: 2px dashed #999999;
}
.nd {
background-color: #d7d7d7;
}
Unicode IPA Characters
Unicode IPA Chart
Consonants |
Bilabial |
Labio- dental |
Dental |
Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Retro- flex |
Palatal |
Velar |
Uvular |
Pharyngeal |
Glottal |
vl. Plosive |
p |
|
t̪ |
t |
|
ʈ |
c |
k |
q |
|
ʔ |
voiced |
b |
|
d̪ |
d |
|
ɖ |
ɟ |
ɡ |
ɢ |
|
|
Nasal |
m |
ɱ |
n̪ |
n |
|
ɳ |
ɲ |
ŋ |
ɴ |
|
|
Trill |
ʙ |
|
|
r |
|
|
|
|
ʀ |
|
|
Flap |
|
|
|
ɾ |
|
ɽ |
|
|
|
|
|
vl. Fricative |
ɸ |
f |
θ |
s |
ʃ |
ʂ |
ç |
x |
χ |
ħ |
h |
voiced |
β |
v |
ð |
z |
ʒ |
ʐ |
ʝ |
ɣ |
ʁ |
ʕ |
ɦ |
vl. Lateral Fricative |
|
|
|
ɬ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
voiced |
|
|
|
ɮ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Approx. |
|
ʋ |
|
ɹ |
|
ɻ |
j |
ɰ |
|
|
|
Lateral Approx. |
|
|
l̪ |
l |
|
ɭ |
ʎ |
ʟ |
|
|
|
Implosive |
ɓ |
|
|
ɗ |
|
|
ʄ |
ɠ |
ʛ |
|
|
Assorted Consonants
|
ʍ |
Vl. Labial–Velar Approximant |
ʘ |
Bilabial click |
w |
Vd. Labial-Velar
Approximant |
ǀ |
Dental click |
ɥ |
Vl. Labial-Palatal Approximant |
ǃ |
(Post-)alveolar click |
ɕ |
Vl. alveolopalatal fricative |
ǂ |
Palatoalveolar click |
ʑ |
Vd. alveolopalatal fricative |
ǁ |
Alveolar lateral click |
ɧ |
Simultaneous S and
x |
ʡ |
Vd. epiglottal
Plosive |
ɺ |
Vd. alveolar
lateral flap |
ʜ |
Vl. epiglottal
fricative |
|
|
ʢ |
Vd. epiglottal fricative |
|
|
Vowels |
Front |
Central |
Back |
|
unrd. |
rnd. |
unrd. |
|
rnd. |
unrd. |
rnd. |
Close |
i |
y |
ɨ |
|
ʉ |
ɯ |
u |
Near-close |
ɪ |
ʏ |
|
|
|
|
ʊ |
Close-mid |
e |
ø |
ɘ |
|
ɵ |
ɤ |
o |
Mid |
|
|
|
ə |
|
|
|
Open-mid |
ɛ |
œ |
ɜ |
|
ɞ |
ʌ |
ɔ |
Near-open |
æ |
|
|
ɐ |
|
|
|
Open |
a |
ɶ |
|
|
|
ɑ |
ɒ |
|
Diacritics
|
kʰ |
Aspirated 1 |
t̪ |
Dental |
tʷ |
Labialised |
t̺ |
Apical |
tʲ |
Palatalised |
t̻ |
Laminal |
lˠ |
Velarised |
t̼ |
Linguo-labial |
tˤ |
Pharyngealised |
ë |
Centralised |
ⁿk |
Pre/post nasalised |
e̽ |
Mid centralised |
tˡ |
Lateral release |
k͡p |
Double articulation/ affricate |
ẽ |
Nasalised |
u̟ |
Advanced |
ɫ |
Velar/Pharyngealised |
i̠ |
Retracted |
e˞ |
Rhoticity |
e̝ |
Raised |
tʼ |
Ejective |
e̞ |
Lowered |
t̚ |
Unreleased |
e̘ |
+ATR |
l̩ |
Syllabic |
e̙ |
-ATR |
a̯ |
Non-syllabic |
e̹ |
More rounded |
a̰ |
Creaky |
e̜ |
Less rounded |
n̥ |
Voiceless |
|
|
s̬ |
Voiced |
|
|
s̤ |
Breathy |
|
|
|
|
Suprasegmentals
|
Diacritic tone marks
|
Tone Letters & Numbers
|
eː |
Long |
e̋ |
Extra high tone |
˩ |
Extra low tone |
eˑ |
Half long |
é |
High tone |
˨ |
Low tone |
eːː |
Extra long |
ē |
Mid tone |
˧ |
Mid tone |
ĕ |
Extra short |
è |
Low tone |
˦ |
High tone |
ˈ |
Primary stress |
ȅ |
Extra low tone |
˥ |
Extra high tone |
ˌ |
Secondary
stress |
ê |
Falling tone |
˩˥ |
Rising tone |
. |
Syllable break |
ě |
Rising tone |
˥˩ |
Falling tone |
| |
Minor group: foot |
|
|
˩˧ |
Low rising tone |
‖ |
Major group |
|
|
˧˩ |
Low falling tone |
‿ |
Linking - no
break |
|
|
˥˧ |
High falling tone |
↗ |
Rising intonation |
|
|
˧˥ |
High rising tone |
↘ |
Falling
intonation |
|
|
³ |
superscript number |
↓ |
Downstep |
|
|
⁻ |
superscript hyphen |
↑ |
Upstep |
|
|
|
|
Footnotes:1
The following characters can be superscripted:
⁰¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹⁻ˤˀᵇᵝᶜᶝᵈᶞᶠᵍᶢˠʰʱᶣʲᶨᶡᵏˡᶩᶫᵐᶬⁿᶮᵑᶯᶰᵖᶲʳʴʵʶ
ˢᶳᶴᵗᶭᵛᶹʷˣᶻᶽᶼᶾᶿᵃᵄᵅᶛᵆᵉᵊᵋᶟⁱᶤᶦᵒᶱᵓᵘᶶʸᵚᶺᶷ
|